Access control is a fundamental concept in information security and physical security, referring to the selective restriction of access to systems, resources, environments, or data. It ensures that only authorized individuals or entities can view, use, or interact with specific assets, thereby protecting sensitive information and maintaining operational integrity.
There are several types of access control models, each designed to meet different security requirements. Discretionary Access Control (DAC) allows resource owners to decide who can access their resources, offering flexibility but sometimes lacking strict security enforcement.

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